Given the trans-national nature of trafficking, there is need for a comprehensive legislation that should factor in a well-equipped criminal justice system, a rehabilitative mechanism, ranging from the district to the national level, time-bound investigation, trial, rehabilitation and reintegration Human trafficking is not a new crime, rather it is an age-old age practice prevalent in the form of “slavery” and was an accepted economic practice. Trafficking is nothing but “modern slavery” and has now emerged as a significant problem all over the world. The entire process of trafficking is a trans-national organised crime, starting from the identification of the victims, their transportation and lastly their exploitation, which operates seamlessly across national as well international borders. Trafficking is a market-driven industry based on the principle of demand and supply. It is a demand-led crime wherein the victims are bought and sold for their exploitation and is one of the by-products of society’s unchecked greed and lust. It is an alarming fact that human trafficking is the only industry in which the supply always meets the demand. At this juncture it is imperative to understand the dynamics of ‘demand’ and ‘supply’ sides of trafficking. The organised gang of traffickers meets such demands by targetting areas and people with vulnerabilities. The supply pool is generally confined to areas with poor economic growth, high rate of gender disparity, political instability and lack of job opportunities. Reasons for the demand are countless, ranging from cheap labour to beggary, use of children for prostitution, sex tourism, pornography, forced prostitution, illegal organ trade and adoptions.